IDENTIFIKASI METABOLIT SEKUNDER PADA TANAMAN ROSEMARI (Rosmarinus officinalis) DI DESA DOLAT RAYAT, KABUPATEN KARO, SUMATERA UTARA MENGGUNAKAN METODE GC-MS

Abstract

ABSTRAKTanaman rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) digunakan oleh masyarakat lokal Desa Rolat Rayat Kabupaten Karo, Sumatera Utara untuk pengobatan tradisional, seperti mengatasi gangguan pencernaan, nyeri otot, dan infeksi kulit. Di alam rosemary memiliki kemampuan yang menonjol dalam bertahan dari serangan hama. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisa senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terdapat pada daun dan akar tanaman rosemary yang diperoleh dari Desa Dolat Rayat, Sumatera Utara. Analisa senyawa metabolit sekunder dilaksanakan secara kualitatif dan menggunakan Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Ekstrakrosemary diperoleh melalui maserasi, di mana sampel daun dan akar masing-masing direndam dalam pelarut etanol 96% selama 3 x 24 jam pada suhu kamar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daun rosemary mengandung flavonoid, tanin, dan alkaloid, sementara akarnya mengandung flavonoid, terpenoid, tanin, dan alkaloid. Analisa GC-MS mengidentifikasi senyawa terpenoid utama seperti 9-tetradecen-1-ol dan dodecanal pada kedua bagian tanaman, serta senyawa tambahan 3-cyclohexene-1-acetaldehyde dan cyclohexene,1-methyl-4-(1-m) pada akar. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan penting mengenai potensi farmakologis rosemary yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pengembangan produk herbal, obat-obatan dan mendukung pertanian berkelanjutan. ABSTRACTThe rosemary plant (Rosmarinus officinalis) is used by the local community of Rolat Rayat Village, Karo Regency, North Sumatra for traditional medicine, such as treating digestive disorders, muscle pain and skin infections. In nature, rosemary has a prominent ability to defend against pest attacks. The research aims to identify and analyze secondary metabolite compounds found in the leaves and roots of rosemary plants obtained from Dolat Rayat Village, North Sumatra. Analysis of secondary metabolite compounds was carried out qualitatively and used Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Extract of rosemary was obtained through maceration, where each leaf and root sample was soaked in 96% ethanol solvent for 3 x 24 hours at room temperature. Research results showed that rosemary leaves contain flavonoids, tannins and alkaloids, while the roots contain flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins and alkaloids. GC-MS analysis identified the main terpenoid compounds such as 9-tetradecen-1-ol and dodecanal in both plant parts, as well as additional compounds 3-cyclohexene-1-acetaldehyde and cyclohexene,1-methyl-4-(1-m) in the roots. This research provided important insights into the pharmacological potential of rosemary which can be utilized for the development of herbal products, medicines and supporting sustainable agriculture.