HUBUNGAN KECEPATAN ANGIN DAN EVAPOTRANSPIRASI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN SORGUM (Sorghum bicolor L.Moench)

Abstract

ABSTRAK            Unsur iklim erat hubungannya dengan cuaca yang dapat menurunkan suatu usaha budidaya. Salah satu unsur iklim yang berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman yaitu angin. Kecepatan angin memegang peran penting dalam evapotranspirasi, karena sebanding dengan evapotranspirasi. Data evapotranspirasi digunakan untuk kepentingan sumber daya air dan menghitung kesetimbangan air khususnya keperluan penentuan kebutuhan air bagi tanaman dalam periode pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman sorgum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan bagaimana kecepatan angin dan evapotranspirasi mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman sorgum. Penelitian dilakukan di lapangan percobaan Stasiun Klimatologi BMKG Aceh, Aceh Besar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan meliputi analisa regresi linier berganda, uji T, uji F, koefisien korelasi dan koefisien determinasi. Parameter penelitian meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat basah/tanaman dan berat basah/plot. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kecepatan angin berpengaruh terhadap bobot basah tanaman dan bobot basah/plot. Evapotranspirasi berpengaruh secara parsial terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan bobot basah/plot. Hasil analisa uji F simultan menunjukkan bahwa kecepatan angin dan evapotranspirasi memiliki pengaruh secara simultan terhadap tinggi tanaman. Kecepatan angin menunjukkan hubungan yang kuat terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan bobot basah/plot, serta memiliki hubungan yang cukup berarti terhadap terhadap produksi bobot basah tanaman/plot.  ABSTRACT            Climate elements are closely related to weather which can reduce a cultivation business. One of the climate elements that influences plant growth and productivity is wind. Wind speed plays an important role in evapotranspiration, because it is proportional to evapotranspiration. Evapotranspiration data is used for water resources purposes and calculating water balance, especially for determining water needs for plants during the growth and production period of sorghum plants. This research aimed to determine how wind speed and evapotranspiration affect the growth and production of sorghum plants. The research was carried out at the experimental field of the BMKG Aceh Climatology Station, Aceh Besar. The research methods used include multiple linear regression analysis, T test, F test, correlation coefficient and coefficient of determination. Research parameters included plant height, number of leaves, wet weight/plant and wet weight/plot. The results showed that wind speed had an effect on plant wet weight and wet weight/plot. Evapotranspiration partially influences plant height, number of leaves and wet weight/plot. The results of the simultaneous F test analysis showed that wind speed and evapotranspiration had a simultaneous influence on plant height. Wind speed showed a strong relationship with plant height, number of leaves, and fresh weight/plot, and had a significant relationship with the production of fresh weight of plants/plot.