KAJIAN PENGGUNAAN EKSTRAK GULMA BANDOTAN (Ageratum conyzoides L.) DAN SINTRONG (Crassocephalum crepidioides Benth) TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN BAKTERI Erwinia carotovora PADA UMBI WORTEL (Daucus carota L.)

Abstract

ABSTRAKWortel (Daucus carota L.) adalah tanaman golongan hortikultura yang mudah busuk karena penyakit busuk bakteri, yaitu infeksi oleh bakteri Erwinia carotovora dari dalam tanah yang menempel pada umbi. Kerugian karena bakteri tersebut bisa mencapai 90%. Pengendalian dengan metode hayati sudah banyak diteliti, sedangkan secara nabati masih jarang penelitiannya. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni-September 2020 di laboratorium Biologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Widyagama Malang dan laboratorium Microbiologi di Balitkabi, Malang. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan yaitu perlakuan ekstrak gulma (bandotan dan sintrong) dengan variasi kepekatan (30%, 45%, 60%). Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap gejala awal (timbulnya bercak kecil, kebasahan dan berwarna putih atau krem), gejala tengah (bercak coklat yang berkembang dan mengeluarkan bau busuk) dan gejala lanjut (umbi menjadi lunak, berlendir dan bau belerang) yang merupakan respon perkembangan busuk bakteri akibat pemberian ekstrak gulma. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisa menggunakan Path ways Analysis (Analisa Sidik Lintas) menggunakan aplikasi Smart PLS. Hasil analisa PLS untuk outer model sudah memenuhi uji validitas dan realibilitas. Uji inner model menunjukkan adanya hubungan nyata antara ektrak gulma terhadap gejala awal, ekstrak gulma terhadap gejala tengah, gejala awal terhadap gejala tengah, dan gejala tengah terhadap gejala lanjut, tetapi tidak ada hubungan nyata antara gejala awal dengan gejala lanjut, gejala awal sebagai moderator terhadap gejala tengah dan gejala tengah sebagai moderator terhadap gejala lanjut. ABSTRACTCarrot (Daucus carota L.) is a horticultural plant that rots easily due to bacterial rot disease, namely infection by the bacterium Erwinia carotovora from the soil attached to the tuber. Losses due to these bacteria can reach 90%. Control by biological method has been widely studied, while the research is still rare in botanical pesticide.  The research was carried out on June-September 2020 at Biology laboratory of Agriculture Faculty of Widyagama University Malang and at Microbiology laboratory at Balitkabi, Malang. The research design used a completely randomized design with treatment of weed extracts (bandotan and sintrong) with variations in concentration (30%, 45%, 60%). Observations were made on early symptoms (the appearance of small, wet, white or cream-colored patches), middle symptoms (brown spots that develop and emit a foul odor) and late symptoms (tubers become soft, slimy and smell of sulfur) which were a response to the development of bacterial rot due to the administration of weed extract. Observational data were analyzed using Path Ways Analysis using the Smart PLS application. The results of the PLS analysis for the outer model have met the validity and reliability tests. The inner model test showed that there was a significant relationship between weed extract and early symptoms, weed extract for middle symptoms, early symptoms for middle symptoms, and middle symptoms for advanced symptoms. middle symptoms and middle symptoms as moderators of advanced symptoms.